/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008 INRIA
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Mathieu Lacage <mathieu.lacage@sophia.inria.fr>
 */
#ifndef TYPE_ID_H
#define TYPE_ID_H

#include "attribute-accessor-helper.h"
#include "attribute-helper.h"
#include "attribute.h"
#include "callback.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "trace-source-accessor.h"

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string>

/**
 * \file
 * \ingroup object
 * ns3::TypeId declaration; inline and template implementations.
 */

namespace ns3
{

class ObjectBase;

/**
 * \ingroup object
 * \brief a unique identifier for an interface.
 *
 * This class records a lot of meta-information about a
 * subclass of the Object base class:
 *  - the base class of the subclass
 *  - the set of accessible constructors in the subclass
 *  - the set of 'attributes' accessible in the subclass
 *
 * \see attribute_TypeId
 *
 * \internal
 *  See the discussion in IidManager about hash chaining of TypeId's.
 */
class TypeId
{
  public:
    /** Flags describing when a given attribute can be read or written. */
    enum AttributeFlag
    {
        ATTR_GET = 1 << 0,       /**< The attribute can be read */
        ATTR_SET = 1 << 1,       /**< The attribute can be written */
        ATTR_CONSTRUCT = 1 << 2, /**< The attribute can be written at construction-time */
        ATTR_SGC = ATTR_GET | ATTR_SET |
                   ATTR_CONSTRUCT, /**< The attribute can be read, and written at any time */
    };

    /** The level of support or deprecation for attributes or trace sources. */
    enum SupportLevel
    {
        SUPPORTED,  /**< Attribute or trace source is currently used. */
        DEPRECATED, /**< Attribute or trace source is deprecated; user is warned. */
        OBSOLETE    /**< Attribute or trace source is not used anymore; simulation fails. */
    };

    /** Attribute implementation. */
    struct AttributeInformation
    {
        /** Attribute name. */
        std::string name;
        /** Attribute help string. */
        std::string help;
        /** AttributeFlags value. */
        uint32_t flags;
        /** Default initial value. */
        Ptr<const AttributeValue> originalInitialValue;
        /** Configured initial value. */
        Ptr<const AttributeValue> initialValue;
        /** Accessor object. */
        Ptr<const AttributeAccessor> accessor;
        /** Checker object. */
        Ptr<const AttributeChecker> checker;
        /** Support level/deprecation. */
        TypeId::SupportLevel supportLevel;
        /** Support message. */
        std::string supportMsg;
    };

    /** TraceSource implementation. */
    struct TraceSourceInformation
    {
        /** Trace name. */
        std::string name;
        /** Trace help string. */
        std::string help;
        /** Callback function signature type. */
        std::string callback;
        /** Trace accessor. */
        Ptr<const TraceSourceAccessor> accessor;
        /** Support level/deprecation. */
        TypeId::SupportLevel supportLevel;
        /** Support message. */
        std::string supportMsg;
    };

    /** Type of hash values. */
    typedef uint32_t hash_t;

    /**
     * Get a TypeId by name.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the requested TypeId
     * \returns The unique id associated with the requested name.
     *
     * This method cannot fail: it will crash if the input
     * name is not a valid TypeId name.
     */
    static TypeId LookupByName(std::string name);
    /**
     * Get a TypeId by name.
     *
     * \param [in]  name The name of the requested TypeId
     * \param [out] tid A pointer to the TypeId instance where the
     *              result of this function should be stored.
     * \returns \c true if the requested name was found.
     */
    static bool LookupByNameFailSafe(std::string name, TypeId* tid);
    /**
     * Get a TypeId by hash.
     *
     * \param [in] hash The hash to lookup
     * \returns The unique id associated with the requested hash.
     *
     * This method cannot fail: it will crash if the input
     * hash does not match an existing TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId LookupByHash(hash_t hash);
    /**
     * Get a TypeId by hash.
     *
     * \param [in]  hash The hash of the requested TypeId
     * \param [out] tid A pointer to the TypeId instance where the
     *              result of this function should be stored.
     * \returns \c true if the requested hash was found.
     */
    static bool LookupByHashFailSafe(hash_t hash, TypeId* tid);

    /**
     * Get the number of registered TypeIds.
     *
     * \returns The number of TypeId instances registered.
     */
    static uint16_t GetRegisteredN();
    /**
     * Get a TypeId by index.
     *
     * \param [in] i Index of the TypeId.
     * \returns The TypeId instance whose index is \c i.
     */
    static TypeId GetRegistered(uint16_t i);

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the interface to construct.
     *
     * No two instances can share the same name. The name is expected to be
     * the full c++ typename of associated c++ object.
     */
    explicit TypeId(const std::string& name);

    /**
     * Get the parent of this TypeId.
     *
     * \returns The parent of this TypeId
     *
     * This method cannot fail. It will return itself
     * if this TypeId has no parent. i.e., it is at the top
     * of the TypeId hierarchy. Currently, this is the
     * case for the TypeId associated to the ns3::ObjectBase class
     * only.
     */
    TypeId GetParent() const;

    /**
     * Check if this TypeId has a parent.
     *
     * \return \c true if this TypeId has a parent.
     */
    bool HasParent() const;

    /**
     * Check if this TypeId is a child of another.
     *
     * \param [in] other A parent TypeId
     * \returns \c true if the input TypeId is really a parent of this TypeId.
     *
     * Calling this method is roughly similar to calling dynamic_cast
     * except that you do not need object instances: you can do the check
     * with TypeId instances instead.
     */
    bool IsChildOf(TypeId other) const;

    /**
     * Get the group name.
     *
     * \returns The name of the group associated to this TypeId.
     */
    std::string GetGroupName() const;

    /**
     * Get the name.
     *
     * \returns The name of this interface.
     */
    std::string GetName() const;

    /**
     * Get the hash.
     *
     * \returns The hash of this interface.
     */
    hash_t GetHash() const;

    /**
     * Get the size of this object.
     *
     * \returns The size of this interface.
     */
    std::size_t GetSize() const;

    /**
     * Check if this TypeId has a constructor.
     *
     * \returns \c true if this TypeId has a constructor
     */
    bool HasConstructor() const;

    /**
     * Get the number of attributes.
     *
     * \returns The number of attributes associated to this TypeId
     */
    std::size_t GetAttributeN() const;
    /**
     * Get Attribute information by index.
     *
     * \param [in] i Index into attribute array
     * \returns The information associated to attribute whose index is \pname{i}.
     */
    TypeId::AttributeInformation GetAttribute(std::size_t i) const;
    /**
     * Get the Attribute name by index.
     *
     * \param [in] i Index into attribute array
     * \returns The full name associated to the attribute whose index is \pname{i}.
     */
    std::string GetAttributeFullName(std::size_t i) const;

    /**
     * Get the constructor callback.
     *
     * \returns A callback which can be used to instantiate an object
     *          of this type.
     */
    Callback<ObjectBase*> GetConstructor() const;

    /**
     * Check if this TypeId should not be listed in documentation.
     *
     * \returns \c true if this TypeId should be hidden from the user.
     */
    bool MustHideFromDocumentation() const;

    /**
     * Get the number of Trace sources.
     *
     * \returns The number of trace sources defined in this TypeId.
     */
    std::size_t GetTraceSourceN() const;
    /**
     * Get the trace source by index.
     *
     * \param [in] i Index into trace source array.
     * \returns Detailed information about the requested trace source.
     */
    TypeId::TraceSourceInformation GetTraceSource(std::size_t i) const;

    /**
     * Set the parent TypeId.
     *
     * \param [in] tid The TypeId of the base class.
     * \return This TypeId instance.
     *
     * Record in this TypeId which TypeId is the TypeId
     * of the base class of the subclass.
     */
    TypeId SetParent(TypeId tid);
    /**
     * Set the parent TypeId.
     *
     * \tparam T \explicit The parent TypeID type.
     * \return This TypeId instance.
     *
     * Record in this TypeId which TypeId is the TypeId
     * of the base class of the subclass.
     */
    template <typename T>
    TypeId SetParent();

    /**
     * Set the group name.
     *
     * \param [in] groupName The name of the group this TypeId belongs to.
     * \returns This TypeId instance.
     *
     * The group name is purely an advisory information used to
     * group together types according to a user-specific grouping
     * scheme.
     */
    TypeId SetGroupName(std::string groupName);

    /**
     * Set the size of this type.
     *
     * Call this way:
     * \code
     *   SetSize (sizeof (<typename>));
     * \endcode
     * This is done automatically by NS_LOG_ENSURE_REGISTERED()
     * A ridiculously large reported size is a symptom that the
     * type hasn't been registered.
     *
     * \param [in] size The size of the object, in bytes.
     * \returns This TypeId instance.
     */
    TypeId SetSize(std::size_t size);

    /**
     * Record in this TypeId the fact that the default constructor
     * is accessible.
     *
     * \tparam T \explicit The class name represented by this TypeId.
     * \returns This TypeId instance
     */
    template <typename T>
    TypeId AddConstructor();

    /**
     * Record in this TypeId the fact that a new attribute exists.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the new attribute
     * \param [in] help Some help text which describes the purpose of this
     *             attribute.
     * \param [in] initialValue The initial value for this attribute.
     * \param [in] accessor An instance of the associated AttributeAccessor
     *             subclass.
     * \param [in] checker An instance of the associated AttributeChecker
     *             subclass.
     * \param [in] supportLevel Support/deprecation status of the attribute.
     * \param [in] supportMsg Upgrade hint if this attribute is no longer
     *             supported.  If the attribute is \c DEPRECATED the attribute
     *             behavior still exists, but user code should be updated
     *             following guidance in the hint.
     *             If the attribute is \c OBSOLETE, the hint should indicate
     *             which class the attribute functional has been moved to,
     *             or that the functionality is no longer supported.
     *             See test file type-id-test-suite.cc for examples.
     * \returns This TypeId instance
     */
    TypeId AddAttribute(std::string name,
                        std::string help,
                        const AttributeValue& initialValue,
                        Ptr<const AttributeAccessor> accessor,
                        Ptr<const AttributeChecker> checker,
                        SupportLevel supportLevel = SUPPORTED,
                        const std::string& supportMsg = "");

    /**
     * Set the initial value of an Attribute.
     *
     * \param [in] i The attribute to manipulate
     * \param [in] initialValue The new initial value to use for this attribute.
     * \returns \c true if the call was successfully.
     */
    bool SetAttributeInitialValue(std::size_t i, Ptr<const AttributeValue> initialValue);

    /**
     * Record in this TypeId the fact that a new attribute exists.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the new attribute
     * \param [in] help Some help text which describes the purpose of this
     *        attribute
     * \param [in] flags Flags which describe how this attribute can be read and/or written.
     * \param [in] initialValue The initial value for this attribute.
     * \param [in] accessor An instance of the associated AttributeAccessor
     *             subclass.
     * \param [in] checker An instance of the associated AttributeChecker
     *             subclass.
     * \param [in] supportLevel Support/deprecation status of the attribute.
     * \param [in] supportMsg Upgrade hint if this attribute is no longer
     *             supported.  If the attribute is \c DEPRECATED the attribute
     *             behavior still exists, but user code should be updated
     *             following guidance in the hint..
     *             If the attribute is \c OBSOLETE, the hint should indicate
     *             which class the attribute functional has been moved to,
     *             or that the functionality is no longer supported.
     * \returns This TypeId instance
     */
    TypeId AddAttribute(std::string name,
                        std::string help,
                        uint32_t flags,
                        const AttributeValue& initialValue,
                        Ptr<const AttributeAccessor> accessor,
                        Ptr<const AttributeChecker> checker,
                        SupportLevel supportLevel = SUPPORTED,
                        const std::string& supportMsg = "");

    /**
     * Record a new TraceSource.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the new trace source
     * \param [in] help Some help text which describes the purpose of this
     *             trace source.
     * \param [in] accessor A pointer to a TraceSourceAccessor which can be
     *             used to connect/disconnect sinks to this trace source.
     * \param [in] callback Fully qualified typedef name for the callback
     *             signature.  Generally this should begin with the
     *             "ns3::" namespace qualifier.
     * \param [in] supportLevel Support/deprecation status of the attribute.
     * \param [in] supportMsg Upgrade hint if this attribute is no longer
     *             supported.  If the attribute is \c DEPRECATED the attribute
     *             behavior still exists, but user code should be updated
     *             following guidance in the hint..
     *             If the attribute is \c OBSOLETE, the hint should indicate
     *             which class the attribute functional has been moved to,
     *             or that the functionality is no longer supported.
     *             See test file type-id-test-suite.cc for examples.
     * \returns This TypeId instance.
     */
    TypeId AddTraceSource(std::string name,
                          std::string help,
                          Ptr<const TraceSourceAccessor> accessor,
                          std::string callback,
                          SupportLevel supportLevel = SUPPORTED,
                          const std::string& supportMsg = "");

    /**
     * Hide this TypeId from documentation.
     * \returns This TypeId instance.
     */
    TypeId HideFromDocumentation();

    /**
     * Find an Attribute by name, retrieving the associated AttributeInformation.
     *
     * \param [in]  name The name of the requested attribute
     * \param [in,out] info A pointer to the TypeId::AttributeInformation
     *              data structure where the result value of this method
     *              will be stored.
     * \returns \c true if the requested attribute could be found.
     */
    bool LookupAttributeByName(std::string name, AttributeInformation* info) const;
    /**
     * Find a TraceSource by name.
     *
     * If no matching trace source is found, this method returns zero.
     *
     * \param [in] name The name of the requested trace source
     * \return The trace source accessor which can be used to connect
     *  and disconnect trace sinks with the requested trace source on
     *  an object instance.
     */
    Ptr<const TraceSourceAccessor> LookupTraceSourceByName(std::string name) const;
    /**
     * Find a TraceSource by name, retrieving the associated TraceSourceInformation.
     *
     * \param [in]  name The name of the requested trace source.
     * \param [out] info A pointer to the TypeId::TraceSourceInformation
     *              data structure where the result value of this method
     *              will be stored.
     * \return The trace source accessor which can be used to connect
     *  and disconnect trace sinks with the requested trace source on
     *  an object instance.
     */
    Ptr<const TraceSourceAccessor> LookupTraceSourceByName(std::string name,
                                                           TraceSourceInformation* info) const;

    /**
     * Get the internal id of this TypeId.
     *
     * \returns The internal integer which uniquely identifies this TypeId.
     *
     * This is really an internal method which users are not expected
     * to use.
     */
    uint16_t GetUid() const;
    /**
     * Set the internal id of this TypeId.
     *
     * \param [in] uid The internal integer which uniquely identifies
     *            this TypeId.  This TypeId should already have been registered.
     *
     * Typically this is used in serialization/deserialization.
     *
     * This method is even more internal than GetUid(). Use
     * at your own risk and don't be surprised that it eats raw
     * babies on full-moon nights.
     */
    void SetUid(uint16_t uid);

    /** Default constructor.  This produces an invalid TypeId. */
    inline TypeId();
    /**
     * Copy constructor.
     * \param [in] o The other TypeId.
     */
    inline TypeId(const TypeId& o);
    /**
     * Assignment.
     * \param [in] o The other TypeId.
     * \returns The copied TypeId.
     */
    inline TypeId& operator=(const TypeId& o);
    /** Destructor. */
    inline ~TypeId();

  private:
    /**
     * \name Comparison operators.
     * Standard comparison operators.
     * @{
     */
    friend inline bool operator==(TypeId a, TypeId b);
    friend inline bool operator!=(TypeId a, TypeId b);
    friend bool operator<(TypeId a, TypeId b);
    /**@}*/

    /**
     * Construct from an integer value.
     * \param [in] tid The TypeId value as an integer.
     */
    explicit TypeId(uint16_t tid);
    /**
     * Implementation for AddConstructor().
     *
     * \param [in] callback Callback which constructs an instance of this TypeId.
     */
    void DoAddConstructor(Callback<ObjectBase*> callback);

    /** The TypeId value. */
    uint16_t m_tid;
};

/**
 * \relates TypeId
 * Output streamer.
 *
 * \param [in,out] os The output stream.
 * \param [in] tid The TypeId.
 * \returns The output stream.
 */
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, TypeId tid);
/**
 * \relates TypeId
 * Input Streamer.
 * \param [in,out] is The input stream.
 * \param [out] tid The TypeId to set from the stream.
 * \returns The input stream.
 */
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, TypeId& tid);

/**
 * Comparison operator.
 * \param [in] a One value.
 * \param [in] b The other value.
 * \returns The result of the comparison.
 * @{
 */
inline bool operator==(TypeId a, TypeId b);
inline bool operator!=(TypeId a, TypeId b);
bool operator<(TypeId a, TypeId b);
/** @} */

ATTRIBUTE_HELPER_HEADER(TypeId);

} // namespace ns3

namespace ns3
{

TypeId::TypeId()
    : m_tid(0)
{
}

TypeId::TypeId(const TypeId& o)
    : m_tid(o.m_tid)
{
}

TypeId&
TypeId::operator=(const TypeId& o)
{
    m_tid = o.m_tid;
    return *this;
}

TypeId::~TypeId()
{
}

inline bool
operator==(TypeId a, TypeId b)
{
    return a.m_tid == b.m_tid;
}

inline bool
operator!=(TypeId a, TypeId b)
{
    return a.m_tid != b.m_tid;
}

/*************************************************************************
 *   The TypeId implementation which depends on templates
 *************************************************************************/

template <typename T>
TypeId
TypeId::SetParent()
{
    return SetParent(T::GetTypeId());
}

template <typename T>
TypeId
TypeId::AddConstructor()
{
    struct Maker
    {
        static ObjectBase* Create()
        {
            ObjectBase* base = new T();
            return base;
        }
    };

    Callback<ObjectBase*> cb = MakeCallback(&Maker::Create);
    DoAddConstructor(cb);
    return *this;
}

} // namespace ns3

#endif /* TYPE_ID_H */
